Strategies to boost anaerobic digestion performance of cow manure: Laboratory achievements and their full-scale application potential

Cow manure represents a surplus waste in agricultural food sectors, which requires proper disposal. Anaerobic digestion, this regard, has raised global interest owing to its apparent environmental benefits, including simultaneous diminishment and renewable energy generation. However, dedicated intensifications are necessary promote the degradation of recalcitrant lignocellulosic components cow manure. Hence, manuscript presents review how exploit anaerobic digestion through different incentives extensively at lab-scale full-scale. These strategies comprise 1) co-digestion; 2) pretreatment; 3) introduction additives (trace metals, carbon-based materials, low-cost composites, nanomaterials, microbial cultures); 4) innovative systems (bio-electrochemical fields laser irradiation). Results imply that co-digestion pretreatment approaches gain predominance on promoting performance Particularly, for scenario, selection lignin-poor co-substrate is highlighted produce maximum synergy pronounced removal compounds Mechanical, thermal, biological (composting) pretreatments generate mild improvement laboratory-scale proved applicable full-scale facilities. It noteworthy (Fe-based composites) acquiring more attention shows promising application potential. Finally, bio-electrochemical stand out laboratory trials may serve as future reactor modules installations treating